Quote: to repeat in writing or speech (the exact words, etc of someone else)
Paraphrase: a restatement of something using different words, especially in order to clarify; a re-wording or re-phrasing
Summary: a short account that outlines or picks out the main points.
All definitions are from Chambers 21st Century Dictionary. London: Chambers Harrap, 2001. Credo Reference. Web. 1 May 2014.
Paraphrasing involves putting the authors ideas or statements in your own words. The paraphrase needs to accurately represent the original passage, you should not change or omit any major points. It is important to remember that even though you are not using a direct quote you still need to add a citation!
Example:
Original statement (from "Italy." Alcohol and Temperance in Modern History: An International Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003.)
Beer consumption traditionally occurred especially during the warm season to quench thirst. Beer consumption has increased during the last thirty years among young people, who drink it in their peer groups but also in the family, while eating a pizza at a restaurant, and also outside mealtimes.
Bad paraphrase:
Traditionally beer consumption took place during the warm season because it was thirst quenching. Over the last 30 years beer consumption has increased among younger people who drink it with peers, while dining, and even outside of mealtimes.
Good paraphrase:
Over the last thirty years the younger generations have changed beer from a beverage that was only consumed during the warmer months to a beverage that is consumes year-round and in many different settings.
Quoting Sources:
When you quote a source, you include the author's exact words in your text. Use "quotation marks" around the author's words. Include signal phrases and an in-text citation to show where the quote is from.
Paraphrasing Sources:
When you paraphrase a source, you restate the source's ideas in your own words and sentence structure. Select what is relevant to your topic, and restate only that. Changing only a few words is not sufficient in paraphrasing/ summarizing. Instead, you need to completely rephrase the author's ideas in your own words. You do not need to use quotation marks.
Always use in-text citations when you paraphrase or summarize, to let the reader know that the information comes from another source. Continue to use signal phrases as well.
Signal phrases let your reader know that you are quoting or summarizing from another source.
Examples:
In the words of researchers Redelmeier and Tibshirani, " . . . "
As Matt Sundeen has noted, " . . . "
Patti Pena, mother of a child killed by a driver distracted by a cell phone, points out that " . . . "
" . . . " writes Christine Haughtney.
" . . . " claims wireless spokesperson Annette Jacobs.
Taken from the Bedford Handbook (583)
Plagiarism is defined as submitting as one's own a work or an idea derived from existing sources without giving proper credit to the original by the use of quotation marks, footnotes, citations or other explanatory inserts. Simply stated, it is passing off someone else's work as your own, whether word for word or merely the creative ideas. It is to commit literary theft or to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source. Whether it is done intentionally or not, plagiarism is a serious offense!
Academic Honesty: Students will be expected to maintain complete honesty and integrity in their experiences in the classroom. Any student found guilty of dishonesty in academic work is subject to disciplinary action.
The college may initiate disciplinary proceedings against a student accused of any form of academic dishonesty including, but not limited to, the following:
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Obvious Plagiarism |
Less Obvious Plagiarism |
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The 10 most common types of plagiarism and are ranked in order of severity.
Source: Plagiarism.org. (n.d.). Types of plagiarism. Retrieved from http://www.plagiarism.org/plagiarism-101/types-of-plagiarism/